photon positive and negative particles and electromagnetic fields are the quantum of product photon is a quantum alternating electromagnetic field, particle is equivalent to the quantum of static electromagnetic field; Stability elementary particle by a static quality of the electricity sub-zero to the speed of light along the radius of the track for a spin campaign ...
=> elementary particle of electromagnetic characteristics and composition of

    Use of a simple - ionization energy formula, we will be able to resolve many of the electronic system of atomic some of the main issues, that is to say this addition to a calculation of ionized atoms or ions at the need to import how much energy ...
=> electronic atoms or ions radius and electronic calculation of the energy