Abstract  uncertainty relation significance of the decision on the establishment of a new model of the electronic structure of quantum mechanics and landscaping. Strict movement equation to track deformation can be uncertainty relation to the uncertainty that a decision on relations with non-determinism and the double meaning. Take advantage of this discovery and inspired by the model of the internal structure of an electron can be improved interpretation of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics logic system landscaping (decrease prerequisite for the establishment of the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics are not required when the intuitive imagination). Since the situation has changed uncertainty principle and classical movement of相斥for compatibility, in terms of quantum mechanics can also use the concept of the track and wave function (or statistical regularity), resulting in simplified calculation of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics to explain update system, landscaping quantum mechanical effects.

    Keywords  uncertainty，relation，significance，of，the，decision,，explaining，quantum，mechanics,，the，concept，of，the，track,，with，rail，lin

Key words: O413.1

Can strict proof of uncertainty relations have decided on significance. [1] proved that the experimental Bell inequality in excessive cooperation may also be caused by secondary radiation, but may also have been Bell's inequality itself. Taking into account experimental interpretation of the non-uniqueness of the uncertainty relation proved decisive and non-determinism of the dual significance will enable the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics and localized it is explained by the theory of mutual exclusion, which will become compatible. They will be compatible after some unexpected results (for example, the only change in the concept of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics does not overturn the logic system and greatly beautify quantum mechanics).

Quantum mechanics is the description of the micro-world theory, it has successfully describes the wide variety of elementary particle. However, it was initially built on the atomic structure is based on the theory. Elementary particle theory is not the in-depth development of the "theory of atomic structure in the soil on the growth of" quantum theory have a big impact (failed to eliminate the number of basic assumptions, enhance its logic to beautify it). This phenomenon in the technology sector is not normal. From this we can draw at least two conclusions: first, the need to do landscaping use of elementary particle theory of quantum mechanics, this research direction is at least a useful attempt for the exchange and discussion of the merits; Secondly, it is not appropriate to the elementary particle structure theory has been denied to beautify the success of the theory of quantum mechanics .

1 uncertainty relation compatible with the classical laws of motion that the logic

Statistics of quantum mechanics and classical quantum mechanics theory of the existence of deep faults, it makes theoretical and experimental observations can not be closed in the theory of self, which is the basis of quantum theory difficulties. The belief that "occasional accidental is still behind the" hard science called "science" (at least it can become bleak indicative shine). Therefore, in certain statistics, it is also necessary for the inevitability of Inquiry and tracking. Right after the founding of quantum mechanics in the 20 to 30 years time, people have a strong hope of finding from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics theory of the transition (that is hoped to classical mechanics and quantum mechanics compatible results). Just hold that hope that the generation of people waiting for a long time always disappointing, and most of all with a disappointing return to nature. The authority of the new generation and the older generation still stay worldly people that now there is no hope for a strong (or suppression of such mandatory only hope). However, there are sufficient reasons for this rekindled hope that this fire.

Quantum mechanics building is built on that track movement, exclusion classic campaign on the basis of the law, and denied that the track is the basis for the movement of the Heisenberg uncertainty relations are derived and the non-determinism significance. Demonstrated uncertainty relation can not deny that track movement of the quantum mechanical effects can well be imagined. Please readers should not lightly use this non-logic factors have denied the "first impression." Otherwise, may easily be swayed by habitual thinking.

It has been said that "the United States things are simple things." Authors believe that the United States is a concise, or the US side of things are simple. Despite the logic of this chapter is the use of relatively simple, but as long as the paper derives the logic of the process is rigorous, people change the way they think the hesitation but will become smaller. In the history of science, there are "using concise description of the profound problems" examples. In addition, the "simple" has always been a characteristic of classical mechanics, as long as the use of classical mechanics, simple side is inevitable.

1.1 by the classical laws of motion deformation by uncertainty relations in several ways [2]

The curvature radius of curvature and inversely proportional to the curvature radius of curvature and the plot must be a constant. For any curve campaign, with the curvature radius of curvature is inversely proportional. We consider an arbitrary uniform circular motion, said with curvature radius r with deflection angle θ (or its sine sin θ) curvature. Rsin θ must be a constant. R ∙ sin θ and the Planck constant is directly proportional logical. Because it is uniform circular motion, the absolute value of Momentum P unchanged, rPsin θ is a constant with the Planck constant and directly proportional. When the line momentum P very hour, rPsin θ on the Planck constant and considerable. Such reasoning process both for macro system and for the establishment of micro-systems. When the curvature radius r endless hours curvature Inevitable as infinite, it does not mean that prospective measurement uncertainty on the r sin θ; When the curvature sin θ is infinite hour radius of curvature is bound to infinite, it does not mean that sin θ test on the prospective uncertainty r.

Below is proof of the use of different forms. Therefore, as long as no doubt inversely proportional to the radius of curvature and curvature, they have no reason to suspect that the logic of this paper.

1.1.1 using the classic light deflection formula derived uncertainty relation (Uncertainty Relations)

Initial Einstein light deflection formula is based on Newton's gravitational theory derived, belongs to classical mechanics campaign formula areas:

Φ g = (1/c2) (GM/R2) cos θ ds = 2GM/c2r. (1)

But if speed is not generally speed c , And the formation of high-speed particles in the nude nuclear line speed changes can be negligible, and Constant was considered, (1) form into φ g = 2GM / 2 r. Because of Newton and Coulomb force are conservative forces, and very symmetrical, therefore, flew proton electron beam surface, the result of the Coulomb deflection angle of e and Newton led the deflection angle g equivalent to the ratio of both the intensity ratio: φ e / g = φ (K / G) Qq / Mm. will φ g = 2GM / 2 r proportion of the income generation, available φ e = Qq / 2 πε0 r 2 Taking into account the Q = Ze, q = e,

Φ e = Z e2 / 2 πε0 rm (2)

Will As constant, in accordance with Einstein integral approach for, and φ e = (1 / ) (E2/mR2) cos θ ds can be and (2) - similar

Φ e = e2 / r m Will p = m , Ћ = h / 2 π, = E2 / 2 ε0 hc into the (2) -, available

E = φ (2Z C / pr ) Ћ, r = 2Z C ћ / m Φ e. (3)

When φ e special hours a sin φ e = φ e relations. Will sin φ e = e into the φ (3) -, and the psin φ e = △ px, available

R △ px = (2Zac / ) Ћ. (4)

(3) - (4) and electronic-ray in the field are in the formula for calculating deflection.

If the electronic-rays from two parallel Bragg (Bragg) Flat constitute the single-slit, slit on both sides of the few effective nuclear charge all have an impact on the incidence of electronic. Therefore, when we only consider unilateral deflection, r the largest width not more than slit That △ r ≤ x, (4) form into

△ △ px x ≥ (2 Zac / ) Ћ. (5)

When ≤ 2 Z C, (5) form into

△ x △ px ≥ ћ. (6)

1.1.2 from electronic Coulomb force by the circumstances of the relationship derived uncertainty

An electronic "Uniform field" in the room by the force equivalent to e2 / r2,

F = e2 / r2, (7)

R - is in the electronic and slit the vertical distance between the wall. According to the basic laws of motion that F = ma, s = (1 / 2) at2. M for electronic or in the quality, s whereabouts of the freedom for the electronic distance. Located deep seam L, through its electronic spent time t = L / Seconds. In this way, we can be

S = e2L2 / m R2. (8)

If the electronic-ray deflection angle of φ, but very small, there is sin φ = s / L and

Sin φ = e2L / m R2, r = , R = . (9)

(9) - is that when an electronic ransacking of a length L "Uniform field" space, r, , Φ relationships among. If a bouquet of electronic-ray photon flew like a bouquet of solar surface as a passing-nuclear surface, considering electron beam in the L = 2r within the context of a deflection, there

R sin φ = 2 e2 / m . (10)

If electronics were neatly arranged through the nuclear component of a slit, then slit electronic wall with the interaction between distance does not exceed Width (R ≤ ). Therefore sin φ ≥ . The p = m , Psin φ = , We have

△ △ px x ≥ 2 e2 / . (11)

Consider the fine structure constant = E2 / 2 ε0 hc, when When available

△ △ px x ≥ h. (12)

(4) - (9) - and (10) - derived process show that: as long as the interference did not occur randomly, instantaneous r can be an instantaneous radius of curvature, △ px with a time interval of the curvature of the instantaneous integral Correspondingly, it does not mean that large enough momentum uncertainty; When we give a campaign of particulate its capacity △ x random space constraints, it will produce a size △ px momentum uncertainty, (6) - and (12) - is not always that uncertainty in relations.

2 uncertainty relation of nature and the scope of application of

Because (6) - and (12) - are from F = ke2 / r2, F = ma, s = (1 / 2) at2 and such classical laws of motion are, therefore, (6) - and (12) - can not negate the track movement, which can be to show the curvature radius of curvature with the plot equivalent to a constant. The above derivation process, (8) - and (9) - still not Eliminating "said curvature radius of curvature and inversely proportional to the" significance and should not be called "uncertainty" the name, even though they said that the "uncertainty", which are also given a particle beam a space limit or provide a random interference by the opportunity (for example: to create a pass-interference barriers or provide a unpredictability of the environment) caused. That is to say, uncertainty relation at least at the same time that "inversely proportional to the radius of curvature and the curvature" and "uncertainty" two significance. We can no longer arbitrarily considered that (6) - and (12) - the only significance of Heisenberg (the Heisenberg uncertainty relation significance of the same uncertainty relation significance of the non-determinism). As long as the use of r ≤ The relations will be (6) - and (12) of the Δ x-r, they can use (6) - and (12) - on a single source of accurate calculation when the particles pass through the slot deflection angle. Heisenberg significance of this function is the same-shaped relationship does not have.

Why neutral particles will be shot in a slit diffraction and in accordance with relations? One explanation is "a particle wave - particle duality." For two parallel Bragg (Bragg) consisting of single-slit plane, which the space is not completely empty space, but the space filled with electronic, neutral particles are certain barriers through such a narrow space will be randomly distributed state. So, whatever position from sin θ = (λ / Δ x) decisions of the neutral particle flow, as long as they have sufficient volatility, and the two particles optical path difference for the entire half a wavelength several times, it will happen to interfere, slit width Δ x is the same, when the incidence rate unchanged on the same wavelength λ Therefore, the sin θ = (λ / Δ x) the location decision is very Shreve rules, and will also be able diffraction pattern formation. Will sin θ = (λ / Δ x) into the Δ px = psin θ available Δ px = p (λ / Δ x), then p = (h / λ) on the income-generation, availability

Δ Δ x = px h. (13)

(13) - derived process that: Δ shaped like Δ px x = h factors determining the relationship between the particles is one of the wave - particle duality. This paper introduces uncertainty relation Derivation process did not strongly support the diffraction electronic graphics directly from the electronic point (because, in the absence of volatility, random interference by the microscopic particles can only be formed on the fuzzy boundaries of亮斑not formed a clear stripes). Thus, when the particles (either neutral or non-neutral, as long as the volatility of outstanding performance) in a certain obstacles through the slit, it will produce diffraction pattern, the survey results with uncertainty relations. The neutral particle diffraction experiment results can be shaped like a (13) - Heisenberg significance explained. (6) - (12) - and (13) can be used to discuss a wide range of particles through the slit at the statistical results.

If high-speed particles through the slit diffraction occurred when the reasons for the "grain-effect" - a "photoelectric effect" inverse process similar effect will be to "wave - particle duality" a tremendous scope of the impact. The need to do further experiments to test the effects of diffraction particle causes in the end that "this is because of interference with the uncertainty of nature" or "particle wave - particle duality" or "grain-optic effect," or a combination of the three. Three situations caused by diffraction can be described relations with uncertainty, uncertainty on the source of the formula can be used to describe one of the classic particle movement (like clouds Room charged particle tracks in the deflection angle can be used (9) - or (10) -). Apart from the details of the forthcoming introduction of the next natural, in the 3.1.2 section also make some additional.

(6) - and (12) of the track is the equation of motion of no ambiguity change forms. It did not measurements (or for the measurement of random interference) position and momentum can be identified with the values. (13) - meaning that non-determinism, once random interference, position and momentum at the same time can not be measured accurately, and that can not be tough: Even without measurement, micro-particles can not accurate at the same time with the location and momentum. Since the under-ray fluctuations, classical mechanics and movement of random interference by the statistical regularity can be shaped like △ △ x p ~ h expressions , then the uncertainty relations is not only ① wave - particle duality (or granulocyte-optic effect) is a reflection of the track movement ② the law is also reflected by random interference ③ uncertainty reflected. Logically, we can not rule out the existence of quantum mechanical system with "no measurements" and "random interference measurements" state counterparts (currently considered "no" mainly because they can not get this state. Chapter 4 is a function of this electronic structure model), therefore, in any circumstances are routinely admitted significance ③ is one-sided. We should "uncertainty principle of mutually exclusive with the classic" change in the old concepts as "uncertainty relations campaign laws compatible with the classic" new concept. ③ ② significance at the same time and uncertainty that exists between the track and can not become a campaign denied adequate reason. And prophecy: that where there are substantial interference with the measurement results of random subjects or targets of the volatility of the more prominent statistical measurement results will inevitably meet explained; Allow random interference cancellation in the measurement results can be ignored with localized Realism interpretation; Subjects highlighted the volatility of the object or the elimination of interference are not completely random but relatively weak results can be explained by statistical and localized Realism explanation.

3 uncertainty relation with the decision of significance to the discovery of quantum mechanics concept of measuring the impact

(6) - (12) - and (13) - (including several other conjugate relationship) should not be called the uncertainty relations, but also should not be called the uncertainty relations, but should be called the Heisenberg relations (Heisenberg Relation).

Get uncertainty relation significance of the decision process on the logic of the concept of orthodox quantum mechanics have some impact. Below some simply introduced with the intention of reference for everyone at the same time聊表uncertainty relation significance of this decision on the part of that significance.

3.1 pairs of some concepts of quantum mechanics

3.1.1 impact "in the atomic molecular electronics can be bound through the slit with the electronic correspondence" concept

People also for the promotion of this concept, "as long as the state is measured on the microscopic particles in a random interference by the state." However, even without the classic method used is derived (5) - and (11) -, comparison, the atomic elements of the electronic beam about which state, closer to the micro-scale electronic flew within the framework of a nuclear surface by the impact of the law in which the state, through a deviation from electronic slit random interference by the state. In the microscopic world that all particles are formed randomly role is too arbitrary interference by. Atomic, Molecular electronics in the environment although some intricate, but their movement is orderly (whether complex or simple atoms of hydrogen atoms, when the transition emission spectra, the track measured magnetic moment, and orbital angular momentum theory of the electronic distribution of atoms, as evidenced by the electronic Win moving is "orderly" (no sufficient reason to believe that hard-line "is the only regular statistics after the"), we are not sure of the hydrogen atom in the electronic random by the nuclear interference). As long as "orderly" alone "can be accurately predicted" possible, in an orderly manner is a clear reflection of the law. If it is "only in the statistics show before the law," it would not be "orderly." In short, we do not have sufficient reason to believe that atomic, molecular electronics in which the interference by certain "random disturbance" and not "interfere with the orderly manner." In the "uncertainty relation significance of the decision," This is found before the "uncertainty relation significance of the decision" after the situation is particularly found.

3.1.2 impact "uncertainty relation incompatible with the classical laws of motion, the world can not be used in micro-track concept" concept

Since (6) - and (12) - are track-mechanical movement of the special form of expression, show that: spatial coordinates and momentum of the plot proportional to Planck (Plank) constant is the causal relationship can be reflected. (6) - and (12) - are certain speed when the incident when the incident location r and the deflection angle between the causal relationship between the two is not always uncertainty range (Δ px and Δ x) the relationship between (that is not always the uncertainty of relations). When the incident particles by random interference, (6) - and (12) where φ r and the causal relationship between being unable to accurately forecast undermined, (6) - and (12) - have become two of the uncertainty of (Δ px and Δ x) the relationship between (that is, real uncertainty relation), could be used to calculate the statistical results (this point has been proved that the majority of textbooks). Therefore, shaped like a (12) - at least the relationship between theory and the non-decision decision on the double meaning of localized theory to explain it compatible with the statistical interpretation of a theory. Everyone knows that, we can not because of the impact point and shot after football path consistent with the law and denied that football statistics for the track to campaign. Like this situation, we can not due to the interference of random particles and the laws of statistics that they are not subject to random interference (or determine the interference), which defines the movement orbit. In quantum mechanics calculations, statistical laws and potential energy function (V = e2 / r) used to support the "classic point particle movement and the concept of the law is still in force" beliefs, needs "uncertainty relation compatible with the classical laws of motion" concept. At the micro world is the use of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation significance? Or use its decisions on the significance of this? Interference is entirely dependent on random or can be accurately forecast.

New corresponding concept is that if confirmed quantum particles in the Movement system have not been random interference, we can use the concept of classical orbits.

3.1.3 impact "not only direct measurement of indirect measurement" concept (that is affected "touch-measurement concept" or extreme empirical philosophy)

Measurement of holding such people even know that particulate and starting and ending points can not speculate particles from the starting point to the end of the path. In the first observation of high-energy Cloud Room -- Quantum decay process, the photon know the starting point and decay, is common sense the speed of light photon and the distance traversed a photon can speculate traversed routes. But orthodox quantum photon scholars do not recognize this in between the starting point and destination of all time position and momentum at the same time a prospective indirectly measured. More detailed explanation please refer to 3.2.1 Festival "Cloud Room charged particle tracks in the meaning."

"Measurement of touch" refers to direct touch (or detected) is the only measured, not directly touch (or detected) is not detected. It is the core of which is only recognized direct measurements refused to recognize indirect measurement results. This measurement is the concept of "micro-world of the track can not use the concept of the concept of" empirical philosophy to the extreme, but can not use the track concept and the concept comes from the Heisenberg test is not significant. = 1 \ * GB3 ① Heisenberg significance of the uncertainty relations, = 2 򟧫 \ * GB3 = 2 \ * GB3 ② can not use the track concept, = 3 \ * GB3 ③ touch measurement concept among developed a vicious circle: = 2 \ * GB3 ② rely on = 1 \ * GB3 ①, = 3 \ * GB3 ③ rely on the = 2 \ * GB3 ②, and = 1 \ * GB3 ① need = 2 \ * GB3 ② and = 3 \ * GB3 ③ to protect, support or even confirmed. Change a = 1 \ * GB3 ① on shaken = 2 \ * GB3 ② and = 3 \ * GB3 ③ based on the cornerstone.

The corresponding concept is new in the micro-world, we can also detect Quark same as for conventional logic and indirect measurement derives.

3.1.4 impact "all microscopic particles in the micro-scale test at the same time are not under the prospective position and momentum" concepts, experimental design and interpretation of experimental phenomena

The uncertainty relation significance of the decision of the premise, despite Δ px is a substantial number (curvature is not a small one value), but as long as it is a set number, and that the prospective momentum measured. Measuring the cyclotron-like particles in the momentum (or at the Earth's revolution momentum) of the same.

(8) the derivation of the process, we can see that despite △ x is the slit width, and under certain conditions can be expressed uncertainty of location, but also noted that a single measurement of a charged particle in passing bare nucleus (or charged parallel plate), the exact location of x but not △ particles from the center of power source distance r. (9) - and (10) of the establishment of that test prospective location of the incident charged particles at least two ways (a manufacturing △ x → 0 slit so be unpredictable interference, the other is a piece of it flew with the electric field of space). Easy to see that, certainly not the best way to △ x → 0, but to use (4) - or (10) of the causal relationship between the known The measured value and the deflection angle Φ calculate accurate r values (where r is indirectly measured). Will △ x → 0 as measured quasi-particle position the only way is not only wrong but it is impossible to [because, (9) - can be seen demand △ x → 0 is requested curvature radius to zero, saying that "only when the curvature is small when measured prospective position "is not absurd? From another point of view, when △ x → 0:00, slit disappeared, the incident particles instead of a certain particle size, when slit narrow to a certain extent, the incident particles will be seriously impeded or random interference]. Clearly, the △ x → 0 as a quasi-particles measuring location is the only way to measure its own set of obstacles. In addition, volume in quantum mechanics in that only when Δ px → 0 (that is, particles tend to follow a straight line) to be a quasi-particles measuring the momentum, but, in mathematical logic and practice are "bending in the path regardless of how powerful, as long as know the exact curvature, line speed and quality of that test on the prospective Momentum, "moving money and campaign measurement accuracy is not a straight line path tends to the extent of correlation. So, that Δ px → 0 (that is, objects tend to walk a straight line tested) to be a quasi-particles measuring the momentum, the momentum measurement accuracy of misunderstanding.

3.1.5 impact "on the apparatus must not neglect the impact of the object equated with unpredictable effects of the" concept

This impact is on the subjective concept of intervention. "Quantum mechanical equipment and measurement results is the result of interaction between the measured object, it is impossible to disentangle the results will be shared" is a pessimistic attitude "subjective involvement," the concept of technical reasons. "Subjective involvement," is the core content of the concept of "micro-concept no longer has the objectivity, microscopic quantum world would not independent of the main outside." Under normal circumstances, even the knowledge of the very few people know that "can not be ignored" and "can not be accurately predicted," are two different concepts, but in quantum mechanics, many senior academics do not consciously think "the object of the apparatus can not be ignored" all belong to the "apparatus of the object the impact can not be accurately forecast "areas. In classical mechanics practice, indirect measurement method is commonly used effective way. However, in quantum mechanics measurement, in the absence of the concept of the track, often "touched or碰着" was considered "a measured," indirect measurement methods is almost impossible to use. Even worse would be the Heisenberg uncertainty relations and the significance of the empirical philosophy March combine to follow this line of thinking sliding farther - proposed a "subjective involvement," philosophy. Some people even resulting "in the unmanned moon did not see it there" absurd conclusions.

Will uncertainty in the decision of non-significance as the only available under the premise that will be in the measurement of quantum mechanics can not be measured in the tested object's unique pure Ontology of the nature of quantum measurement results depend on instrument - customer interactions: Quantum substantial measurement shows the object and observation equipment for the mutual by the nature of quantum impressive when measured only in order to have numerical observation [2]. Since the uncertainty relations can not strongly denied that track movement, we can not deny that the object of the instruments under a single causal relationship to accurately predict the experimental application of the micro-world. In other words, in microcosm, it may be possible to simultaneously test the quasi-particle momentum and position (in theory impaired隘eliminate, the technology is the key to the establishment of practical elementary particle model). As long as we are no longer subject to "no track concept" ideological shackles, subjective concept of intervention measure for the survival of the loss of soil. In short, uncertainty relation significance of the decision that has shaken the "subjective involvement," the theoretical basis of measurement.

3.1.6 impact "test are not permitted any eventuality are not permitted" concept

This concept is the uncertainty relation to expanding the scope of application (not extended to the measurement of any time) caused by the move reluctantly. As long as the Heisenberg significance (meaning non-determinism) uncertainty relation limit the scope of application of a random interference in the measurement within the scope of that decision only on the significance of uncertainty relations began to apply to all non-random interference measurement, and do not think that is not necessarily measured at random interference, and this concept will not attack Since the break.

3.1.7 of the volatility of microscopic particles of widely available and ductility of particles available for domain of the impact of the conflict between

Uncertainty relations significance of the decision to resolve this contradiction can only provide some inspiration and clues (for example, in orbit can use the concept of enlightenment, can be assumed that elementary particle by the wave-extensive spread along a closed path, atoms, molecules in the electronic components that track the movement of its wave the spread path, so that microscopic particles - extensive with the localized nature are unified. See Chapter 4), but not without further explore the premise completely resolving this contradiction.

3.2 pairs of several experimental and objective interpretation of the status quo

Since it has been freed themselves from "not track", the ideological shackles of the state and have some objective experiment with the phenomenon of the past can have different interpretations.

3.2.1 Cloud Room of the charged particle track significance

No discussion of the electromagnetic field in a cloud chamber of the electronic track. A cloud chamber track orthodoxy significance: Cloud Room in the electronic track is the size of electronic uncertainty of the location of the Δ Δ x = px h relations, we can see the result of Δ x great而使Δ px small (that is recognized in the current measurement accuracy within the electronic walk in a straight line, its momentum has been measured by prospective). Since electronic walk in a straight line, then the electronic than the 100,000 times the size of the track so thick clouds of space can be no scope are忒small electronic possible places (if they consider that a "yes" on the electronic walk in a straight line is impossible. Electronic considered and the size of the corresponding de Broglie wavelength rather, with the X-ray wavelength considerable, as ¹⁰ -10 meters in order of magnitude).

① uncertainty relation significance of the decision of the discovery, the concept can be used in orbit body of Quantum. ② measured from the speed of electronic, electronic track and the length of this length by the time spent in the electronics can be seen in the Cloud Room follows is a straight line, certainly in the electronic done linear motion, you certainly of the electronic state of the Linear Motion little disturbed, it is impossible in the clouds and track electronic equivalent size passage of the curve for irregular movement. ③ In fact, because of the cloud of water molecules in the room is sparse (and the size of electronic comparison), but is neutral, the incidence of electronic considerable momentum, which is the electronic "Yanguoliuqing", "stay for a smoke" approach adopted by the thin molecular clouds in the room can affect Mandrax slightly do not count. ④ clouds track for the formation of the electric field of charged particles from the water (perhaps alcohol) to reduce the saturation vapor pressure, so that the location of the electronic passing around a saturated steam rally into small droplets. Droplet first point where the electronic form, and then by the rapid expansion of this point, a considerable portion of clouds in the electronic space has been left where the formation of (visible parts are), the thickness of clouds is the electric field of electronic impact beyond the scope and subsequently expanded the scope of the show and , and the center could not reach electronic scope (in the electronic walk away after the formation of clouds space is not likely to reach the electronic space), the more space is not electronic dispersion of the electronic cloud track only in the center of the cross section flew (and no wind when the jet just flue flew at the center of the cross section is very similar). The above four reasons for mutual support that the central cloud track the most qualified as an electronic movement of the true line, as long as it can find the electronic track clouds at the center, we can test that prospective electronic position.

With the electric field on the particle droplet formation to the degree of influence is inversely proportional to the square of the distance is declining. From this we should not be said often charged particle clouds track reached the brink. Positron in the clouds in the room is not very easy with the cloud chamber in the space of molecular electronic occurred annihilation. This shows that the charged particles in the cloud chamber movement is not random (it's easy if random collisions with molecules annihilation swaps).

Uncertainty relations in the decision of significance was found, we no longer need to explain some of the far-fetched to meet the Heisenberg uncertainty relation meaningless. It is not difficult to find, if not all of the clouds of space as a charged particle uncertainty of the location, track-room reflected by the fact that out of keeping with the significance of the non-determinism uncertainty relations, as long as the uncertainty of the non-decision meaning of "subversion not broken," "universal" myth Fort opened the gap, non-determinism meaningful uncertainty on the relationship between quantum theory can not be used as "a common basic law." As long as we adhere to the principles of impartiality and the use of weapons of logic, it is not difficult to tell whether an explanation is in order to maintain some sort of self-consistent theory and distortion of the facts.

3.2.2 on a布罗Italy affected the physical interpretation of experimental diffraction particle effects

Theoretical analysis shows that strict, de Broglie wave (de Broglie Wave) for the phase velocity = E / p = c2 / > C, and the theory of relativity does not allow any greater than the speed of light in kind. Therefore, the de Broglie wave is not monochrome observation [3], can not be bypassed in the speed of light under the premise of de Broglie wave is only a kind of virtual wave or紊disturbing fluctuations. Can Limit is the observation of de Broglie wave packet. Between the two wave packets are not necessarily clear interference in the interference pattern. Therefore, the electron diffraction patterns clearly is not consistent with the wavelength = H / Monochrome de Broglie wave formation. Theoretically it is impossible to explain in another experiment that is possible, obviously full of contradictions. Uncertainty relations in the decision of significance found, the physical particles diffraction experiment, we will have more reason not to choose "de Broglie wave diffraction occurred" explanation. For the essence of de Broglie wave will be discussed in detail in other articles.

3 .2.3 to explain the causes of Quantum Decadence

Quantum mechanics Copenhagen (Copenhagen) explained that, momentum and coordinates uncertainty caused Quantum Decadence relations is an important reason why. However, the group's recent cooling Germany Rampe atomic Bragg scattering experiments show that uncertainty relations is not the sole cause of Quantum Decadence, and measuring apparatus and tested system, through interaction, the formation of Quantum Entangled State is the core of the problem. In their experiment, the atomic center of mass momentum disturbance, can be reduced to the extent to ignore the only state with atoms within the space labeled atomic path, the interference fringes Atomic it disappeared. Rampe group Prague cooling atomic scattering experiment shows from one aspect, the uncertainty relations may be "abrasive effect" reflects, rather than by the "subjective involvement," caused. Rampe Group cooling atoms Bragg scattering experiment further explanation of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics limitations, the empirical philosophy Mach uncertainty relations with the non-determinism is the significance of combining quantum mechanics theory must lead to the introduction of "subjective involvement," the main reason is quantum mechanics to explain the reasons. Uncertainty relations significance of the decision of the Panel found that undoubtedly support Rampe Experimental conclusions.

3.2.4 on the impact probability interpretation

Causes interpretation of probability is "uncertainty relations only with the non-determinism significance of electronic lack of understanding of the internal structure of the portfolio, and formed a 'no definite movement nuclear external electron orbit, only statistical significance of the concepts of'." Now that the uncertainty relation found the decision of significance, the system does not track the quantum concept of the concept has been shaken, we will have more reason to resume The original meaning - proportional to the energy density (or unit volume within the electric field strength), it said without reuse probability density. Chapter 4 of the model

3.2.5 Bell's Inequality and Its verification test the impact of the explanation

In Bell's inequality (Bell's inequality) in the derivation, there is a hidden assumption behind the probability theory - probability followed principle of superposition. But this hypothesis in the form of quantum mechanics and the system thus contradict with the experimental facts are contradictory. Bell's inequality experiments were denied once again proved the only such conflicts, and localized realism entirely unrelated (that is, not whether it is on that domain) [2]. Therefore, Ashibei (Alaine Aspect) 1982 at the University of Paris did not strictly experimental confirmed microscopic particles in the fuzzy world only when a specific observation is, in the absence of observation, microscopic particles is only a ghost. Repeat test Bell's inequality in the 16 experiments in the two is in the affirmative, accounting for 12.5%. In validation experiments is inconsistent with "the minority is subordinate to the majority" of the number of rules, a correct experiment can negate a lot incorrect experiment. Who can sure that 12.5% of accident probability is that 87.5% of the results can not be explained by other theories? Why should we give up easily rigorous style, lightly dependent Copenhagen School, which is strongly deny domain of the useful experiment?

This kind of experiment is a test object photon, photon has a special symmetry, not a microscopic particles plenipotentiaries.

3.3 pairs of measuring the impact theory

The existing measurement of quantum mechanics theory "experimental objects by the experimental apparatus can not be ignored and can not be accurately forecast interference" as a basic prerequisite. One of its theoretical basis is the significance of non-determinism "uncertainty" or "Uncertainty relations." Found uncertainty in relations with non-decision decision theory and the significance of the double after the existing measurements of quantum mechanics theory it is necessary to make some amendments. Below said with a graphical measurement theory to the main content.

Uncertainty relations in the decision of significance was found after a less "subjective involvement," and experimental theory. Each of the above types of indirect measurement can be divided into two broad categories and direct measurement. In actual measurement, may be different types of measurement methods mixed use. However, in quantum mechanics, the "subjective involvement," the impact of the concept, people seldom recognize indirect measurement results.

Four basic assumptions, predictions and experimental design verification

4.1 In this paper, the only basic assumptions - Closed-Yuanzi path along a localized particles spread

Overcome-extensive with the localized nature of the conflict between one of the best ways is presumed wave spread along a closed path. Some people have raised before Proton Electronic size closed string model, but a lack of corresponding theoretical mechanism was abandoned. Now put the She Zhou Chu Li [4] is expected to become a Proton electronic stability in the size of the closed string theory. Uncertainty relations decisions recognition of the significance of the discovery has given us a lesson. A circular polarized light quantum hypothesis by k-Yuanzi smaller components, the same species exist between optical Yuanzi She mutual attraction. Nonlinear She will be the linear approximation of admission for the F =- e2 / 4 πε0 R2, there

E2 / 4 πε0 (2 r) 2 = (m / k) (c2 / r). (14)

(14) where m is the electron mass, and 2mc2 = h ν, 2 π r = = C / ν. Therefore, k = 4 ε0 hc / e2 = 2 / a ≈ 274, a free electronic by 274-Yuanzi connected to the closure and along the transmission path components. The Huygens principle (Huygens mapping method), we can see that the 274-Yuanzi become a priority sub-wave source. the basic premise). A hydrogen atom in the ground state structure is: hydrogen in a nuclear-from 274 sub-Wai into the center of a circle above the ground state electronic autistic string radius (recorded as rb) rb = 274 / 2 π. Energy is precisely for the r-valve Quantum frequency wavelength, numerical as 1.2131548 × 10-12 meters. Free electron radius is: 1.2131548 × 10-12 ÷ 2 π = 1.9 × 10-13 meters. So rb = 0.529 × 10-10 meters, and the Bohr radius numerical anastomosis. It also stated the hydrogen atoms in electron de Broglie wave by the 274 sub-components of a film (if the 274 = B, B is the de Broglie wave wavelength, de Broglie wave is the virtual wave).

These basic assumptions can be completely replaced by Bohr (Bohr) hydrogen atom theory is obvious. It is another several advantages: 1) to replace the existing five in the quantum force of the necessary basic assumptions; 2) can be successfully explained photon - Electronic mutual changing facts, changed the quantum mechanics and elementary particle completely unrelated to the internal structure of the situation; 3) touched fine structure constant, electricity son of spin and the nature of de Broglie wave. She even if the basis for the power shortage, can be used instead of a group of a hypothetical (at least five) basic assumption is worth attention.

The basic premise of this paper is "Light Yuanzi assumptions." Under uncertainty relation significance of the decision on re-design experiments used to validate some orthodox thinking and quantum mechanics this point of view. Optical Yuanzi assumptions and resolve the existing "standard model theory," this is not the conflict between the tasks. In this paper, optical Yuanzi only display models in quantum mechanics in the successful application.

4.2 According to predictions made by the basic assumptions Experimental Design and Verification

Under this model the electronic structure can be pushed know: the circular polarization vector Drive rotating electromagnetic field determine the direction shown two different polarity; The basic circular polarized light in the strong magnetic field (or electric field) in the deflection; The basic circular polarized light electrostatic field will be the same as the conductor have sensors charge; the single polar circular polarized light can produce high-energy individual electronics, proton (or positron, the anti-proton); electronic likely crashed into the same circular polarized light polarity; high-energy circular polarized light in the clouds Room, Room Bubble Room or sparks may have in track. These can be designed to predict the experimental verification program.

4.2.1 photoelectric sensors verify Field Experiment

The film will be a conductor at both ends with a high sensitivity to link up ammeter, let along a certain conductor-round polarized light in the direction of the electric field in the mobile space, observe whether the induced currents produce and test whether there are two circular polarized light polarity.

4.2.2 circular polarized light deflection in magnetic field lines and circular polarized light of the cloud chamber in the verification test track

Let circular polarized light through a high-energy magnetic field (or electric field) Cloud Room, Room Bubble Room or sparks, track and observe the situation deflection.

4.2.3 circular polarized light decay experiment

Let frequency energy than the circular polarized light valve flew re-nuclear, search it into the electronic or positron.

4.2.4 Non-normal annihilation experiments

The use of electronic cards on the collision - electronic (or positron - positron) on the collision energy into <1800 m0c2 and> 1800 m0c2 two regions (m0 for electronic static quality). Observe whether there is a circular polarized light produce.

4.3 test "Abrasive effect" experiment

Apart from the micro - diffraction particle caused by the volatility of outside, but also from "Abrasive effect" caused. The so-called "grain-effect" refers to the high-speed particles pass through certain obstacles, leading to the phenomenon of photon (photoelectric effect and the process of the opposite). It includes "Bremsstrahlung," "induced by radiation" and "balance-Mobile." In doing particle diffraction experiment, slit and Target (photosensitive floor) are in the dark system. Slit is a blackbody radiation sources, but when no outside interference, the radiation intensity is very low. When high-speed particles through the slit, then they will induce stronger electromagnetic radiation. This is "induced radiation." Physical impact of atomic particles, molecular electronics in the mechanism of photon arising from the incident may have the atomic particles, the low molecular electronics into orbit from the original position, the electronic transition back to the original position on the issue of electromagnetic waves. "Light saturation principle" is also "Abrasive effect" one of the reasons for the selection, it means: each of the closed system is similar to approximate the Luminescence of saturation, as long as saturated by the Luminescence of external interference (by the destruction of the original balance) will be fired up with the interference source of considerable momentum photon. Some of the non-closed state also has saturated Luminescence objects of nature. As long as we will form a joint objects as saturated Luminescence body, = H / Establishment of (15) - and (17) - also similar to the establishment. More precise experimental use a specific kind confirmed diffraction particle which is in line with a formula.

The "X-ray produce" (currently considered to be "bremsstrahlung") this situation. The electromagnetic waves generated by the wavelength of the law described in the following. Application of X-ray machines, high-speed electronic Practice shows that the fight could produce a slant on the X-ray. X-ray generated by the smallest wavelength of:

= Hc / Ek = h / Δ mc. (15)

It is impossible in the high-speed electronic hit slant on the atomic nucleus, playing in the electronic slant with the slant on the electronic collision. Fighting in the high-speed electronic Crystal will have the same mechanism of X-ray. Davisson and leather at the end (Davisson and Germer) using electron beam through the formation of single crystal nickel diffraction pattern, only in strictly ruled out "is formed by the impact of electronic X-ray and other causes" (that is, strictly exclude "Abrasive effect") only after it confirmed that the de Broglie wave . Because (15) - and = H / Under certain conditions (such as high speed electronic) is very close, the electronic playing in the crystal surface with the first electronic collision.

The nucleus of any crystal clouds are in the electronic, electron beam cross between the two Bragg plane joints must collided with the electronic gap. Electronic incident most likely crashed on the considerable momentum to the photon (for bremsstrahlung in the impact, or from the electronic ground state transitions or other), crashed the photon will happen again diffraction formed a diffraction pattern. Compliance with the conservation of momentum one way of the following:

-- = / C. (16)

Taking into account c = , (16) form into:

, (17)

Type of The incident is the electronic speed, Radio is the electronic speed, Is crashed the momentum of the photon, . Above diffraction experiments can be strict, precise testing Davisson and Germer electron diffraction experiment is the diffraction or photon, diffraction is in strict conformity with (15) - or (17) - or = H / .

A photon through the double-slit, first under the Huygens (Huygens) have a number of sub-photon theory, is the following sub-photon interference between. This interpretation is consistent with the logic, every step has clear physical images, do not think through the slit in the photon into illogical when the ghost. It has been found that, even for electronic one by one (sequential manner) would be able to bring through the slit diffraction pattern (secondary electron scattering will be reduced to negligible effect). If that is completely at this time of the electronic wave, it will be when they hit the seam under the Huygens principle that everyone is into a number of sub-electronic electronic (e-), followed by Asia between electronic interference. Electronic sequential manner through the double-slit diffraction pattern formed the objectivity of the decision in the Asian electronic inference to be objective. However, high energy physics experiments have not found electronic can be divided into smaller more fundamental particles, high-energy physics experiment that is not the facts of electronic existence. So we have to think Asia is the specter of electronic or e-slit in the process of crossing the ghost. If it determines the nature no ghost, "is due to electronic electron diffraction showed volatility" of the existing interpretation is unsuccessful. In other words, we can not say that the electron diffraction experiments confirm that the electronic strictly in the joints wear out in the course of volatility.

Because in the past doing physical particle diffraction experiments did not seriously consider "tablets optical effects," it is necessary to rework 1927 Thomson (G. P. Thomson) did the charged particles to pass through sequential slit experiments, the focus of each of them on a target in the photosensitive demonstrated by the Characteristics [target can be scintillation counters, Cherenkov (Cerenkov) counter and nuclear latex], if every particle in a separate targets are embodied in the "points" in nature, then the particles in when it is not through the slit as Huygens principle, as described by the formation of a sub-wave, and the hair between birth to a son-wave interference, the diffraction pattern of physical particles not wave - particle duality to it. Further, in the electron diffraction slit experiment with a target to increase between the horizontal electric field (or magnetic), prompted electron beam deflection, if the electron beam deflection and no diffraction Central displacement (only a diffraction pattern of deformation or change fuzzy), fully affirmed the diffraction is not caused by light waves the volatility of the tablets caused. While the most likely to be the "grain-effect" caused.

For protons, atoms, molecules and ions, and other relics heavier particles diffraction, as it is the embodiment of volatility, the less said to be the embodiment of granulocyte-optic effect. The tablets - optic effect, we can only choose the type of it can not be totally denied its existence. What we have sufficient reason to deny in-kind particles through the slit will generate significant tablets - optic effect?

4.4 electronic ransacking bare surface of the nuclear experiments

A laser will be used (or a) fixed Proton, Proton flew to the surface electronic (or through the space between the two protons), the measurement of electronic-ray deflection angle for the test (5) - and (11) - and at the same time as the accurate measurement of momentum and location of particle model .

5 only a hypothesis is the prerequisite for the establishment of quantum mechanics system [5]

This is the structural model of elementary particle landscaping quantum mechanics experiment. If indeed to complete the work described in this chapter entitled, then, the paper's handling of the beautification of quantum mechanics and quantum mechanics work of teaching is very meaningful. Not sure who is now under scientific conclusions (especially node model of the material identified) are the final conclusion. We had better not easily negate the usefulness of any of the assumptions.

The section on the basic assumption is that the electronic circular polarized light from the quantum-Wai. MW in potential field of energy change, but no change in the form of waves. Therefore, the free-electron wave and in the potential field can be used under all-electronic described.

Ψ = a (18)

The (18) of the partial differential appropriate, available

= (I2 π / λ) ψ, (19)

=- (2 π / λ) 2ψ, (20)

= - I (2 π v) ψ, (21)

=- (2 π v) 2 ψ. (22)

Since both phase nuclear external electron is a wave (Huygens role of the basic tenets of its circular polarized light wave), the electronic charge can be considered uniformly distributed in a radius of the phase rb rail line. Thus, the ground state of hydrogen atom potential energy function

Ep =- e2 / 4 πε0 =- e2 / 2 ε0λ b. (23)

In balancing system, the virial theorem (Virial theorem) to set up, taking into account = E2 / 2 ε0 hc we have

Ek =- Ep / 2 = h α c / 2 λ b = (⮐ / 2 m) (2 π / λ b) 2. (24)

Will (24) - into the (20) -, in the

-- (⮐ / 2 m) = Ek ψ. (25)

Taking into account Ek = E-V, (25) form into

[- (⮐ / 2 m) + V] ψ = E ψ. (26)

Comparison c = Ν, (24), (21), (25) 4-, available

-- (⮐ / 2 m) =- I ћ . (27)

26) - and (27) - are Schrödinger (Schr & oumldinger) equation. -- (⮐ / 2 m) And i ћ Are Hamilton (Hamilton) Operator: Ĥ =- (⮐ / 2 m) = I ћ Classic Momentum - energy relations for p2 = 2mEk = (m ) 2. It substitution (24) -, available 2mEk = (h / ) 2 = p2 and p = h / . P = h / Is the de Broglie has been named relations. This confirmed the de Broglie wave is the virtual wave (Virtual its wavelength is n2 × 274 times the true wave of wavelength), the de Broglie relationship is no longer an independent but under this hypothetical premise strictly derived relationship. De Broglie will be the relationship between income (19) -

. (28)

Will Ek = p2/2m into the (25) -, available

-- ⮐ = P2 ψ, . (29)

(28) - and (29) - were given momentum operator and the momentum square operator.

Use Replacement Parts Choose (24) - in Ek = h C / 2 Income generation in the form of (19) -, available

-- I ћ C = Ek ψ. (30)

Will Ek = E-V into the (30) -, available

C Ψ = E + V ψ. (31)

(31) - is the potential field in the Dirac (Dirac) equation. Will = ± Substituting into (21) -, available

I ћ = ± Ψ. (32)

(30) - (32), available

C + ( ) Ψ = i ћ . (33)

Relativistic kinetic energy due to the difference between the total energy and for mc2, therefore, as long as we will take the quality E ± m, (33) - can be turned into

+ Β mc2 ψ = i ћ . (34)

Type of β = ± 1. (34) - is the freedom of Dirac particles equation. If symmetry in the universe is the energy world and the world of negative energy, then the energy in the world is in the negative energy and negative mass meaningless, (32) and (33) respectively, only two - is

I ћ = Ψ. (35)

And + Mc2 ψ = . (36)

Will = ± (Or = ) Into the (22) -,

-- ⮐ = (M2 c 4 + p2 c2) ψ. (37)

(37) ÷ c2 - (29), available

-- (⮐ / c2) + ⮐ = M2 c2 ψ. (38)

(38) - is Klein -哥登(Klein-Gordon) equation. If m = 0, (38) form into

[- (1 / c2) + ] Ψ = 0. (39)

(14) - (23) - and (24) of the orbit is to use the concept of performance (18) of the wave function is the use of the performance. De Broglie, Schrodinger equation, the Dirac equation and quantum mechanics logic system is the use of the track at the same time the concept and the product of wave function. At the same time the use of orbital wave function and concept under the premise of many particles for non-random movement, the probability density is equivalent to field energy density. Nuclear external electron localized only in the case only in the interpretation of the concept of probability is not correct, but the results of energy is still correct. Thus, only in the interpretation of probability of random interference describe the structure of the system is not accurate, but in energy statistics are available. This paper does not deny statistical interpretation.

6 At the same time the concept and the use of orbital wave function of quantum mechanics calculation example [6]

Under Chapter 4 default electronic structure model, we can see that one (or several) were not random interference nuclear external electron phase rail line is scheduled domain. Thus, we know that some small molecular structure. For example, the structure of hydrogen molecular ion is a part of the rail line on both sides have a hydrogen nucleus (see figure 1). It is also a balanced mechanical systems, mechanical balance for the equation of state

(E2/L2) cos θ = e2/Re2. (40)

The solution of this equation is θ = 50 ° 57'10. H2 + the total potential energy function for the V =- 2 (e2/L2) + e2/Re =- 1.2603 (e2 / L). A hydrogen-like ions, corresponding to the energy E = -19.797 eV. H2 + in the electronic potential energy function for Ve =- 2e2/Re =- 2sin θ (e2 / r) =- 1.553 (e2 / r). use the same hydrogen-like ions, in the corresponding energy Ee =- 32. 826 eV. E Ee with a difference for the nuclear interaction can be: 2 e2/Re = E - Ee, Re = 2.0899a0 ≈ 1.10 × 10-10 meters. H2 + dissociation energy for De = 19.799eV - 13.606eV ≈ 6.2eV. The corresponding experimental values for Re = 1.06 × 10-10 meters and De = 2.79eV. Considering the fact that the electron and nuclear spin interaction, is expected to eliminate error .

Molecular hydrogen (H2) and H2 + mechanical structure is very similar, but between the two nuclear-rail line is a dual-phase electronic autistic chord. The mechanical system of the equation of state of equilibrium for θ = π / 3. The total potential energy function system for the V =- (4e2 / L) + (e2/Re) =- 1.5 (e2 / L) -1.5 (e2 / L) . two types of helium ions calculated, the corresponding total energy of E =- 1.52 (e2/2a0) × 2 =- 61.227eV. / r) =- 1.732 (e2 / r) -1.732 (e2 / r). to type helium ion, the electron energy corresponding to Ee =- 2 × 1.7322 (e2/2a0) =- 81.636eV . Similarly we have: e2/Re = E - Ee, Re = 1.333a0 ≈ 0.71 × 10-10 meters. Since H2 ground state of the two-electron ground state and He atoms in the same double-electronic environment (n = 1, Z = 2), then the H2 in the interaction between the electron can also be 29.829eV. So H2 dissociation energy for De = 61.227eV-29. 829 eV - 13.606eV × 2 ≈ 4.2 eV. the corresponding experimental values for: De = 4.75eV, Re = 0.74 × 10-10 meters.

He2 + Structure and H2 + are very similar. When the helium atom in the ground state ionization, the electronic fled felt by the Nuclear Charge (effective nuclear charge number) can be calculated according to ionizing (assuming no inner electron rearrangement). The first level ionizing, the formula for the I = Z * 2 (e2/2a0). Will I = 24.587eV generation joined, in the Z * = 1.3443. Will He2 + as effective nuclear charge number 1.3443 the point charge. We can get the mechanical balance of the equation of state for θ = 45.9527 °. The total potential energy system for the V =- (2 × 1.3443) e2 / L + (1.34432) e2/Re =- 1.3889 (e2 / L ). He2 + in the electronic bonding potential for Ve =- (2 × 1.3443) e2 / L =- (2 × 1. 3443 sin θ) (e2 / r) =- 1.9325 (e2 / r), a hydrogen-like ions calculated, the corresponding bonding electron energy Ee =- 1.93252e2/2a0 =- 50.812eV. two He2 + ion for the interaction between (1.344432) e2/Re = 50.812eV - 26.249eV = 24.563eV, Re = 2.00192a0 = 1.06 × 10-10 meters. He2 + dissociation for De =- E-I1 = 26.249eV - 24.587eV = 1.662eV. The corresponding experimental observations: Re = 1.08 × 10-10 meters, De = 3eV.

Li2 the structure and H2 similar, but at a 20% bond electronic n = 2 of above level. The first element lithium ionization can 5.392eV. Therefore, the lithium atoms in 2S electronic experienced by the effective nuclear charge number 1.259 (that is, 5.392 eV = Z * 2 / 22, Z *= 1.259). Will Li + atom is as effective nuclear charge number 1.259 of point charge, mechanical balance of the equation of state for θ = 57.3229 °. Li2 the total potential energy for the V =- (4 × 1.2592e2 / L) + (1.2592e2/Re) =- 3.56812 (e2 / L). Bonding the potential for electronic Ve =- 4 × 1.259 (e2 / L) =- (4 × 1. 259 sin θ) e2 / r =- 4.2391 (e2 / r). both the interaction between Li + for (1.2592 e2/Re) = E - Ee, Re = 4.842a0 ≈ 2.56 × 10-10 meters. Experimental observations correspond to Re = 2.67 × 10-10 meters.

In reducing the premise of this paper, the establishment of wave equation (ie quantum mechanics system), the four elements of quantum mechanics, the de Broglie relations are derived, the magnetic moment of orbit, and orbital angular momentum of the photon conversion electronic explain various aspects of mutual and satisfactory results were obtained. If the theory is not correct, the probability that such results will be very low, the approach of this paper can not be successful is only a coincidence. "Standard Model Theory" will be electronic as elementary particle remains, and in this electronic model is the next level structural model, therefore, the "standard model" theory can not be denied - Yuanzi assumptions. This assumption can not be denied that in the quantum mechanics of the successful application.

7 at the same time use the track concept and the advantages of wave function Summary

To sum up, this paper, the approach has the following advantages:

7.1 will be localized is the causal theory and statistical description of the same description unified in the description of the object

Is that nuclear external electron de Broglie wave, and wave generally has statistical nature, and therefore can make use of wave function of the corresponding statistical description of nuclear external electron. The wave of rail lines under no circumstances can be considered as a wave of energy entities of the trajectory, in the description of nuclear external electron can be used when determining domain is the way of thinking of. For single-electron equilibrium system, statistical methods can be used to market the density distribution and other physical quantities and the eigenfunction eigenvalue with localized approach is the description of the mechanical system can be balanced structure and spin (or orbits) of angular momentum, and other sports. Any system as long as a random process can be used statistical description; Matrix mechanics and wave mechanics potential compatible with the nature of statistical decision theory to explain explain compatibility.

7.2 enhanced quantum mechanical system logic

As long as the reader takes note of the four and five, we can find no use of five basic assumption that quantum mechanics can be derived a set of basic equations derived in relativistic quantum mechanics basic equation when there is no need to increase the number of intuitive principles. Reduce the premise and enhanced landscaping is the logic of quantum mechanics.

7.3 wiping out the relativistic quantum mechanics with the logic of combining some obstacles

UNESCO in the "1998 World Science Report," pointed out: "Einstein's theory (the theory of relativity), and quantum mechanics in the 20th century, the two major academic achievements, it is regrettable that these two theories so far proved to be confrontational. This is a serious obstacle. "

Heisenberg relations can also table for △ △ p t ~ h / c is constant because c (the speed of light), and the theory of relativity does not allow any Superluminal campaign, by △ △ p t ~ h / c we can see that momentum must be spent measured quasi-infinite long time. In other words, Heisenberg relations in the non-significance of the decision, subject to the relativistic theory, the momentum arbitrary precision and rapid measurement, in principle, is impossible. If the probability of a negative wave function equivalent to the anti-particles exist, then in the high-speed electronic measuring coordinates on the course to inevitably produce electronic - is the electronic right. Such particles can not be new to the detection process itself, which makes the high-speed electronic measuring become meaningless. Long Road come to the following conclusions: the non-relativistic quantum mechanics of all expressions, the wavefunction ψ (q) can be observed in the delivery of information to the original meaning there.

(12) - intuitive reflected △ △ p x ~ h significance of the decision that measured prospective momentum p (or △ p), the only known incident in the speed (or momentum) where prospective measured deflection angle on the up. So, △ p need not become zero, △ t would not have to tend to infinity. The first such resolve contradictions. Dirac equation derived in the process of this paper tend to believe that the quality of negative energy and negative energy is negative in the world of physical quantities, the probability is not negative and corresponding anti-particle. In the world of energy is the energy, quality and risk can only take positive, the second contradiction is also not occur. Even when measured against particles also have not said theoretical obstacles.

7.4 electronic wave - particle duality explain more clearly

In this paper, the general wave and particle that is a contradiction entities, people only recognize a microscopic particle wave - particle duality of the measured results are not decided wave - particle duality of specific and clear physical images (structure). This article is closed nuclear external electron wave transmission path, it is decided at the same time can use the track concept and the key wave function, which is to clarify wave - particle duality of the specific model. First is certainly particulate wave, and then use a smaller wave along the transmission path, Mingbo closure of energy can be limited to within a smaller space (that is, constitutes a localized entity). Waves along the transmission path is indeed closed uniform particle wave of scalability and the localized form of clever. What is the reason that Mother Nature does not choose such a clever way of doing things? Volatility and unify the particles in a particle on is an objective fact, in the absence of prior find other ways to explain why not accept the "wave spread along closed paths," such an interpretation? In this interpretation shown after many advantages still do not accept it and could very likely be the old concept of brain problems.

7.5 can not make up for the orthodox quantum mechanics to explain the dynamics of atomic, molecular stability of less than

If, as authorized by the probability interpretation, as H2 + in that electronic hydrogen in the two different parts of a nearby nuclear, then, in much of the time points so that the two are in electronic nuclear deviate from the measured hydrogen equilibrium position of the state. In other words, consider the dynamics in most of the time, H2 + have deviated from the nuclear spacing of 1.06 × 10-10 meters trend. Thus, if the electronic point is the nuclear particles in outer space in a random manner, then, from the kinetic point of view, H2 + in the majority time is unstable. H2 + thermodynamic stability is the statistical average results. If, as described in this paper, as electronic wave between the two nuclear hydrogen spread along a circumference, H2 + system can achieve the mechanical balance can be reached in two hydrogen energy density between the largest nuclear state (corresponding to the probability interpretation of the "probability density" between the two largest nuclear hydrogen state). The single hydrogen atom, its orbital magnetic moment and orbital angular momentum should not be the statistical average (orbital magnetic moment and orbital angular momentum are determined that the value of non-nuclear external electron dynamic random).

7.6 to quantum mechanics more coordinated includes classical mechanics

Despite the existing orthodox quantum mechanics in the potential energy function and a few from several classical mechanics used in the way, but in concept, the existing orthodox quantum mechanics are completely excluded classical mechanics (classical mechanics because it is localized areas of quantum mechanics and non-formal decision on the statistical mechanics). In this premise, as long as the electronic charge and that the quality of the uniform distribution in the closure of the rail line, classical mechanics approach is fully applicable (but at the same time, the wave function can be described Statistics). This paper's thinking happens in quantum mechanics can explain why can be used in the V ∝ e2 / r form of the classical establishment potential energy function. Thus, this paper will make quantum mechanics concepts and methods, more coordinated.

7.7 achieved a localized theory and statistical decision is the perfect unity of

The existing quantum theory of movement, such as elementary particle in the electronic, it is only in localized descriptions and statistics on choosing a description of the two, and can not be described by these two methods described the same movement particles. This paper proves decision on meaning and significance of non-decision, unified in the same things (uncertainty relation), also affirmed it can be localized description and statistical description of the role at the same time on the same object. For example, can be described by classical mechanics in the Cloud Room at the same time the use of high-speed particles calculated on the basis of a statistical description of the particle interference caused by the weak seat uncertainty. Now, high-precision experiment proved even happens macro objects, but also an element of uncertainty. In this paper, this appears to be quite normal: If the power of random interference inertia movement than four orders of magnitude smaller force, then the statistical methods described in the scope of work lies in the uncertain space than Newton's law describes four orders of magnitude lower results within the scope of the. Cosmic Background Fu Radio, the world can become random noise and other interference sources of power. In short, the latest experiments on the measurement results support the conclusions of this paper (since "small objects in the special context also uncertainty," the latest experimental results on the need for domain description is compatible with the description of the statistical theory to explain). From orbit equations of motion (the law) is derived uncertainty of classical movement of relations will enable the application of the extension from the macro to the micro areas. From the logical point of this paper endorsed the "nuclear external electron is a particle wave is" under certain conditions can be determined by fluctuations domain description and the description of realism. On the other hand are able to uncertainty principle from the scope of application extended to the field of micro - macro (or classic Movement) areas. This determines the merits of this paper will not return to the classical field theory is the old path, and certainly not in complete statistical decision theory go further down the road, but stood in the "On the fixed domain is compatible with the statistical decision theory," the height of the death of Albert Einstein and Boer can shake hands.

8 Concluding remarks

It stands to reason that non-determinism significance Heisenberg relations are the basic principles of quantum theory, the expansion of the uncertainty on the meaning of the quantum theory have significant impact. The orthodox interpretation of quantum theory and is not totally inaccurate but deviated from the dialectical orbit. The purpose of this paper is to explain the system of quantum mechanics and more dialectical, and the Heisenberg relations are found through the decision of significance and propose a hypothesis and do a. This is the main reason for the reference value "interpretation of quantum mechanics improved system but do not deny that the success of the orthodox quantum theory", the orthodox quantum theory and it is precisely the characteristics inherent logic of poor but very successful. In other words, this paper can do the thinking Yang their long and make up for the short.

Basic research generally can be divided into two broad categories: a) the existing framework of perfecting and developing the existing theories; B) break even reconstruction theoretical framework. A resonate easy it easy to be accepted, readers need to change the concept of Group B, most difficult to be accepted (the scientific history of the death This was the reason why). This paper opens up a new way of thinking space, so that it is not correct to stay away from the frontier. Why should bend and wave along the closed road is the need to explain the dissemination and tested. Basic assumptions can be predicted in this paper: short wave in long-term space measuring light (especially for vibration round light) is particularly strong in non-uniform electromagnetic field will happen deflection (or show type of charge). Japanese scholars within TIAN Xiu Experimental men should be taken seriously.

Dirac explicitly pointed out: "I think that is likely sometime in the future, we will arrive at an improved quantum mechanics, and decided to return to the theory. Only give up at the cost of some basic ideas can be done, and these basic ideas we now think there is no problem. "[8] This paper introduces the work is understood to be particles of the research object-time domain of the existence of the regional dispersion of localized, thereby improving become quantum mechanics and non-decision decision on unified theory of connectivity, but not completely return to the determinism. People will not forget that uncertainty principle compatible with the classical movement of people is the beginning of the uncertainty principle that the strong desire.

References

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[3] R. T. Weidner, R. L. Sells. Elementary modem Physics [M]. New York: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. 1980.

[4] Zhou Hailin. Binding Force in Wave - Particle Interaction [J], Nuclear Fusion and Plasma

Physics, 1998.18 (1): 11 ~ 16.

[5] Tu-Run Health. Quantum mechanics of a beautification program [J], Shandong Normal University Journal (since Branch version). 2000,15 (1): 31 ~ 33.

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The Scientific Significance of Uncertainty Relation And Classical Law to Be Compatible: The Must Result that Uncertainty Relation Has Determinism Significance

Tu Runsheng

(128 Huangzhou Avenue, Agency of Product Quality Inspection in Huanggang City, Hubei Prcvince, CHINA)

Abstract

Uncertainty relation has the dual significance of determinism - indeterminism. It can improve the explanation system of quantum mechanics and can beautify the logical system of quantum mechanics (can reduce the premise and do not need those intuition imagine when relativistic quantum mechanics is established). Owing to uncertainty principle and classical law excluded each other to be changed into forgiven each other, therefore we can both using the method of classical mechanics law in quantum mechanics and use the uncertainty principle in classical mechanics, and under given conditions we can use orbital concept and wave function at the same time. to be showing for me only when it is observed. If above thinking and the latest experimental result obtained by Aspect etc are contradictory, the source of the problem is come from the explanation for Aspect's experiment.

Keywords: New significance of uncertainty relation, Explanation system of quantum mechanics, Classical orbital concept, Phase-rail-line, Photo-atom.

PACS: 03.65.Bz

* The author of more detailed presentations: